![]() ![]() 6061 aluminum alloy is heat treatable, easily formed, weld-able, and is good at resisting corrosion. The density of 6061 aluminum alloy is 2.7 g/cm 3 (0.0975 lb/in 3). The third and fourth digits are simply designators for individual alloys (note that this is not the case with 1xxx aluminum alloys). When this second digit is a “0”, it indicates that the bulk of the alloy is commercial aluminum containing its existing impurity levels, and no special care is needed to tighten controls. The second digit indicates the degree of impurity control for the base aluminum. Type 6061 aluminum is of the 6xxx aluminum alloys, which entails those mixtures which use magnesium and silicon as the primary alloying elements. In this article, 6061 aluminum alloy will be discussed in detail, highlighting its physical properties as well as the common applications for this highly useful material. The Aluminum Association (AA Inc.) is the foremost authority on aluminum alloys and has developed a four-digit naming system used to characterize distinct wrought alloys from one another based on their main alloying elements. Alloys with low percentages of alloying elements (around <4%) are classified into wrought alloys and are workable, whereas those with higher percentages (up to 22%) are classified into cast alloys and are usually brittle. The process of alloying involves adding specific metallic “alloying” elements into a base metal to give it distinct properties such as increased strength, corrosion resistance, conductivity, toughness, etc., or a desired combination of these traits. ![]() An alloy is a metal made by combining two or more metallic elements to achieve improved material properties. Knowing that there is no change of volume in plasticity, the relation between true and engineering stress is expressed as $$ \sigma_T=\sigma(1 \epsilon)$$, and for the strain, $$ \epsilon_T=ln(1 \epsilon)$$.Ģ Problem in the initial load and extension acquirementĪs it can be noticed in the picture below, there is a problem in the load and extensometer data, both values remain constant at a certain point.Aluminum metal and its alloys are implemented in most, if not all modern industrial processes due to its wide availability and the vast number of uses. Knowing that necking appears when the engineering stress-strain curve decreases (see instability below) yields that the coefficient n corresponds to the true uniform strain (or true strain to necking)$$ will be smaller (expect after necking with localized elongation). Then, the higher the hardening coefficient n, the larger the strain when necking. In case of perfect plasticity (or ideal elastoplasticity), necking appears right after the yield point, at the beginning of plasticity. As one can see on the top figure, the larger this coefficient the more the true stress increases. $$\sigma_T $$ and $$\epsilon_T $$ the true stress and true strain 1, K a material constant and n the strain hardening coefficient. This strain hardening can be described by Hollomon’s law: Which means the stress needed to deform a material increase with its deformation level, especially because of the increase of defect density in the material, which obstructs the displacement of dislocations. Notion of Strain Hardening Strain hardening represents the strengthening of a material induced by deformation. ![]()
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